I-Eutrophication yemizimba yamanzi ibhekisela kwinto yokuba phantsi kweempembelelo zemisebenzi yabantu, izondlo ezifana ne-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus efunwa yizinto eziphilayo zingena emanzini ahamba kancinci njengamachibi, imilambo, amachibi, njl. i-algae kunye nezinye iiplankton, ukuncipha kweoksijini enyibilikayo kumzimba wamanzi, ukuwohloka komgangatho wamanzi, kunye nokufa kweentlanzi kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Unobangela wayo ikakhulu ubandakanya le miba ilandelayo:
1. Izondlo ezigqithisileyo: Isiqulatho esigqithisileyo sezondlo ezifana ne-phosphorus epheleleyo kunye ne-nitrogen epheleleyo ngunobangela othe ngqo we-eutrophication yemizimba yamanzi.
2. Ubume bokuhamba kwamanzi: Imo yokuhamba kancinane kwamanzi (njengamachibi, amadama, njl.njl.) yenza kube nzima ukuba izondlo ezikumzimba wamanzi zixutywe kwaye zisasazwe, nto leyo enceda ekukhuleni kwe-algae.
3. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo: Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu bamanzi, ngakumbi kuluhlu lwe-20℃ ukuya kwi-35℃, kuya kukhuthaza ukukhula nokuveliswa kwe-algae.
4. Imiba yabantu: Isixa esikhulu samanzi amdaka ane-nitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus, inkunkuma kunye nezichumisi ezilahlwa yimizi-mveliso, ezolimo kunye nobomi kwiindawo ezijikelezileyo eziphuhliswe ngokwezoqoqosho kunye neendawo ezinabantu abaninzi zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezibangela ukuba abantu babe ne-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi. ...
I-Eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo
Impembelelo ye-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi kwindalo esingqongileyo ibonakala ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo:
1. Ukuwohloka komgangatho wamanzi: Ukuveliswa okukhulu kolwelwe kuya kusebenzisa ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo kumzimba wamanzi, kubangele ukuhla komgangatho wamanzi kwaye kuchaphazele ukuphila kwezinto eziphila emanzini.
2. Ukungalingani kwe-ikholoji: Ukukhula okuphambeneyo kwe-algae kuya kutshabalalisa imathiriyeli kunye nokuhamba kwamandla e-ecosystem yasemanzini, okukhokelela ekungalinganini kokusasazeka kweentlobo, kwaye nokutshabalalisa ngokuthe ngcembe yonke i-ecosystem yasemanzini. ...
3. Ungcoliseko lomoya: Ukubola kunye nokubola kwe-algae kuya kuvelisa amavumba kwaye kungcolise imo engqongileyo yomoya.
4. Ukunqongophala kwamanzi: Ukuwohloka komgangatho wamanzi kuya kwandisa ukunqongophala kobutyebi bamanzi.
Ichibi elalicwebile nelingenasiphelo ngequbuliso laba luhlaza. Oku kusenokungabi bubomi basentwasahlobo, kodwa luphawu olulumkisayo lwe-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi.
I-Eutrophication yomgangatho wamanzi, ngamagama alula, "kukugqithiswa" kwimizimba yamanzi. Xa isiqulatho sezondlo ezifana nenitrogen kunye nephosphorus kumanzi ahamba kancinci anjengamachibi nemilambo iphezulu kakhulu, kufana nokuvula “ibuffet” yealgae nezinye iiplankton. Ziya kuzala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zenze "iintyatyambo zamanzi". Oku akupheleli nje ekwenzeni ukuba amanzi adube, kodwa kuzisa nothotho lweengxaki ezinzulu zokusingqongileyo.
Amandla aqhuba i-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi, ngoko ke ezi zondlo zigqithisileyo zivela phi? Kukho ikakhulu le mithombo ilandelayo:
Ukuchunyiswa kwezolimo: Ukuze kwandiswe izivuno zezityalo, kusetyenziswa isixa esikhulu sezichumisi zemichiza, yaye uninzi lwezichumisi zenitrogen nephosphorus zingena kumanzi amdaka phantsi kokukhuhla kwamanzi emvula.
Ugutyulo lwamanzi amdaka asekhaya: Ilindle lasekhaya ezixekweni liqulethe isixa esikhulu sezondlo kwizicoci zokucoca kunye neentsalela zokutya. Ukuba ikhutshwe ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle konyango okanye unyango olungafanelekanga, iya kuba ngunobangela we-eutrophication yemizimba yamanzi.
Ukukhutshwa kwemizi-mveliso: Ezinye iifektri ziya kuvelisa amanzi amdaka aqulethe initrogen kunye nephosphorus ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa. Ukuba ayikhutshwa ngokufanelekileyo, iya kungcolisa umzimba wamanzi.
Imiba yendalo: Nangona izinto zendalo ezinje ngokukhukuliseka komhlaba zinokuzisa ezinye izondlo, kuluntu lwanamhlanje, izinto ezenziwa ngabantu ngoyena nobangela wobulunga bamanzi eutrophication.
Iziphumo ze-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi:
Ukuwohloka komgangatho wamanzi: Ukuveliswa kobulwelwe ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kuya kutya ioksijini enyibilikisiweyo emanzini, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umgangatho wamanzi uwohloke kwaye ukhuphe nevumba elibi.
Ukungalingani kwendalo: Ukuqhambuka kwe-algae kuya kucudisa indawo yokuhlala yezinye izinto eziphila emanzini, kubangele ukufa kweentlanzi kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo kwaye kutshabalalise ibhalansi yendalo.
Ilahleko yezoqoqosho: I-Eutrophication iya kuchaphazela uphuhliso lwamashishini afana nokuloba kunye nokhenketho, okubangela ilahleko kuqoqosho lwengingqi.
Iingozi zempilo: Imithombo yamanzi e-Eutrophic inokuba nezinto eziyingozi, ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neetyhefu, ezibeka ingozi kwimpilo yabantu.
Ngokudityaniswa nezizathu ze-eutrophication yemizimba yamanzi, iimvavanyo ze-nitrogen eziyimfuneko kunye ne-phosphorus ziyenziwa kumanzi amdaka asekhaya kunye namanzi amdaka amashishini, kwaye "ukuthintela" kumthombo kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo igalelo lezondlo zangaphandle. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukufumanisa kunye nokubeka iliso kwi-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye nezinye izibonakaliso kumachibi kunye nemilambo iya kunika inkxaso yedatha efunekayo kunye nesiseko sokwenza izigqibo zokhuseleko nokukhusela umgangatho wamanzi.
Zeziphi izalathi ezivavanyelwe i-eutrophication yemithombo yamanzi?
Iimpawu zokufumanisa i-eutrophication yamanzi ziquka i-chlorophyll a, i-phosphorus iyonke (i-TP), i-nitrogen iyonke (i-TN), i-transparency (SD), i-permanganate index (CODMn), i-oksijeni enyibilikileyo (DO), imfuno ye-oksijini ye-biochemical (BOD), imfuno ye-oksijini yeekhemikhali ( I-COD), i-carbon organic carbon (TOC), imfuno ye-oxygen epheleleyo (TOD), umxholo we-nitrogen, umxholo we-phosphorus, ibhaktheriya iyonke, njl.
I-LH-P300 imitha yomgangatho wamanzi ephathwayo ephathwayo enoqoqosho enokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo.COD, i-ammonia nitrogen, i-phosphorus iyonke, i-nitrogen iyonke, ungcoliseko lwendalo kunye nongcoliseko lwe-inorganic kwiisampuli zamanzi. Iyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokubona izinto eziphambili zenitrogen kunye ne-phosphorus ye-eutrophication yamanzi. Isixhobo sincinci kwaye silula, kulula ukusebenza kwaye sisebenza ngokupheleleyo, kunye nokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu kakhulu. I-eutrophication yamanzi inxulumene nobomi bomntu wonke, impilo kunye nomgangatho wobomi. Ngokubeka iliso kwinzululwazi kunye nokuphendula, ndiyakholelwa ukuba siya kukwazi ukuwoyisa lo mngeni kwaye sikhusele ubutyebi bamanzi esixhomekeke kubo ukuze siphile. Masiqale ngoku, siqale kwizinto ezincinci ezisingqongileyo, kwaye sibe negalelo kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lobutyebi bamanzi!
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-09-2024
