Izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyiswayo, njengoko negama lisitsho, ziyi-particle edada emanzini ngokukhululekileyo, idla ngokuba phakathi kwe-0.1 microns kunye ne-100 microns ngobukhulu. Zibandakanya kodwa azikhawulelwanga kwi-silt, udongwe, i-algae, i-microorganisms, i-molecular organic matter, njl., Ukwenza umfanekiso onzima we-microcosm engaphantsi kwamanzi. Izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kumanzi aphezu komhlaba nakumanzi aphantsi komhlaba ubukhulu becala zisuka kwiinkqubo zendalo, ezifana nentlenga yentlenga ethwalwa yimilambo kunye neplankton emachibini; ngelixa izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo kugutyulo olusezidolophini nakumanzi amdaka avela kwimizi-mveliso abonakalisa ngakumbi impembelelo yemisebenzi yabantu, ukusuka eluthulini kwiindawo zokwakha ukuya kwiintsinga kunye namaqhekeza eplastiki alahlwa yimizi-mveliso, aquka ubunyani bokungcoliseka kwamanzi kwale mihla.
Iindlela zokubona ngokukhawuleza izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo ikakhulu zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemitha yezinto eziqinileyo, inwebu/indlela yokuhluza iphepha lokuhluza, indlela yokwahlula i-centrifugal, indlela yokubala (indlela yokubala) kunye nendlela yokuhlalutywa komgangatho wokusasazwa. Ezi ndlela zineempawu zazo kwaye zifanelekile kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokubona kunye neemeko. ...
1. Isixhobo sokulinganisa into emisiweyo: Le yindlela elula nefanelekileyo yokulinganisa. Ngokuguqula i-wavelength absorbance yesampuli kwidatha, iziphumo ziboniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwisikrini se-LCD. Kufanelekile ukufumana ngokukhawuleza ixabiso elilinganisiweyo lokugxininiswa kwezinto ezimisiweyo. ...
2. Indlela yokuhluza i-membrane / isihluzi sephepha lokucoca: Le ndlela ibandakanya ukubeka i-membrane yokucoca okanye iphepha lokucoca kwibhotile yokulinganisa, ukuyomisa kwiqondo elithile lobushushu kunye nokulinganisa, kwaye emva koko ugalela amanzi ukuba alinganiswe kwibhotile yokulinganisa ngesihluzo. I-membrane okanye iphepha lokucoca, ukuhluza kunye nokuwomisa, kwaye emva koko ulinganise. Umxholo womcimbi omisiweyo unqunywe ngokuthelekisa umahluko wobunzima ngaphambi nasemva. ...
3. Indlela yokwahlula i-Centrifugal: Into enqunyanyisiweyo yahlulwe ngamandla e-centrifugal kwaye emva koko ilinganiswe. Le ndlela ilula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye idatha elinganisiweyo ichanekile. Yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokumisela imiba emisiweyo. ...
4. Indlela yokulinganisa (indlela yokubala): Le ndlela idinga ukusetyenziswa kwe-membrane yokucoca, efana nendlela yokucoca i-membrane, kodwa ayifuni inkqubo yokucoca. I-membrane yokucoca enesampulu yomiswe ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ilinganiswe. Ifanelekile ukugqiba ngokukhawuleza umxholo wemiba emisiwe. ...
5. Indlela yohlalutyo lokusasazwa komgangatho: Le yindlela yokuhlalutya ethe ngqo ngakumbi, enokuthi ibandakanye amanyathelo okusebenza anzima kunye nezixhobo, kwaye ilungele iimeko ezifuna uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha. ...
Xa ukhetha indlela efanelekileyo, izinto ezifana nobukhulu be-particle, umxholo, ukusabalalisa kunye ne-morphology, kunye nokuchaneka kovavanyo kunye nokulula kokusebenza kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngokukhetha ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenzisa ezi ndlela, umxholo wezinto ezimisiweyo kwizinto ezingamanzi okanye iigesi zinokuvavanywa kwaye zilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo.
Kubaluleke kangakanani ukuqaphela ngokukhawuleza into emisiwe emanzini?
Umba onqunyanyisiweyo awuchaphazeli nje kuphela ukungafihli kunye nobuhle bemithombo yamanzi, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba ube ngumthwali wezinto eziyingozi, isoyikise ulungelelwaniso lwendalo kunye nempilo yabantu.
Ukubaluleka kokuchongwa kwezinto ezimisiweyo emanzini:
1. Uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo. Izinto ezinqunyanyisiweyo emanzini sesinye sezibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo zokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi kunye nempilo ye-ecosystem. Ngokusebenzisa isixhobo sokujonga izinto esinqunyanyisiweyo ukubona ukuxinana kunye nokwakheka kwezinto ezinqunyanyisiweyo emanzini, ukungafihli, ukudumba kunye nomthwalo wezondlo wemizila yamanzi inokuhlolwa, kunye nenqanaba lokungcoliseka kwamanzi kunye nefuthe lokutshintsha kwemekobume kwi-ecosystem inokuqondwa. .
2. Impembelelo yebhayoloji Izinto ezinqunyiweyo emanzini zineempembelelo ezithe ngqo kwimpilo nakwiimeko zokuphila zezinto eziphila emanzini. Ukugxilwa okuphezulu kwezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kunokubangela ukukhanya okunganeleyo emanzini, okuchaphazela iphotosynthesis ye-phytoplankton kunye nemisebenzi ye-ecological yezinto eziphilayo ze-benthic. Ukongeza, izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo zinokubhengeza kwaye zithuthe izinto eziyityhefu, ezidala umonakalo kwiintlanzi kunye nezinye izinto eziphila emanzini.
3. Impilo yabantu. Ezinye izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo, ezifana ne-algae enetyhefu okanye izinto ezingaphandle kwe-microorganisms, zinokuba yingozi kwimpilo yabantu. Ngokujonga izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo emanzini, ngakumbi ezo zinokuqulatha ii-microorganisms eziyingozi, iingozi zempilo ezinokubakho zinokulunyukiswa ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamanzi kunye nempilo yabantu. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukumisela umkhangeli wezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo.
4. Ezolimo kunye noshishino. Izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo emanzini nazo zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yezolimo neyoshishino. Ukugxininiswa okugqithisileyo kwezinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo kunokuchaphazela umgangatho wamanzi onkcenkceshelo, ukunciphisa umgangatho womhlaba kunye nesivuno. Ukukhutshwa kwemizi-mveliso, ukubeka iliso kwizinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo emanzini kunokuncedisa ukulandelela nokulawula ukuphazamiseka kunye nongcoliseko lokukhutshelwa kwamanzi amdaka.
Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kokuchongwa kwezinto eziqinileyo. Ngokulinganisa imitha yomgangatho wamanzi wezinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo, ukuchaneka kunye nokungaguquguquki kweziphumo zomlinganiselo kunokuphuculwa, kubonelele ngesiseko esithembekileyo solawulo lokusingqongileyo kwamanzi kunye nokuhlola ubulunga bamanzi. ...
Ngamafutshane, injongo kunye nokubaluleka kokufumanisa izinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo akuphelelanga ekuqondeni umgangatho wamanzi, kodwa kukwabandakanya nokukhusela ubutyebi bamanzi, ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwendalo, ukuqinisekisa impilo yabantu, kunye nokuvavanya umgangatho wamanzi. Yinxalenye eyimfuneko yokubeka iliso kubulunga bamanzi.
Ngokuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji, izisombululo ezilunge ngakumbi nezisebenzayo ziye zaziswa. Iimitha eziphathwayo ezimisiweyo ezimisiweyo ze-LH-P3SS sisixhobo esiphuhliswe kwaye siveliswe yi-Lianhua ukubona umxholo wezinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo emanzini. Le mitha yomgangatho wamanzi isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekumiselweni kwezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo kugutyulo, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, intsimbi, amanzi ajikelezayo, ishishini lemichiza kunye namanye amashishini. Esi sixhobo samkela itekhnoloji ye-spectrophotometric ephezulu ukukhetha ngokuzenzekelayo obona bude bugqwesileyo, ukwenza lula inkqubo yokusebenza, ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokuchongwa, kunye nokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuzimisela kwezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiwe emanzini kude nomdlalo olula wamanani. Inxulumene nempilo yendawo engqongileyo kunye nempilo yabantu. Amanqanaba aphezulu ezinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo awagcini nje ukunciphisa amandla okuzihlambulula emizimbeni yamanzi, anciphise unikezelo lweoksijini enyibilikisiweyo emanzini, kwaye abeke isoyikiso kwizinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, kodwa anyuse umthwalo kumaziko okucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwaye achaphazele ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko zendalo. ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka. Ngoko ke, ukujongwa ngokusondeleyo kwezinto eziqinileyo ezimisiweyo akuyona nje imfuneko esisiseko yokukhusela indalo, kodwa isiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-18-2024
