Ubudlelwane phakathi kweCOD kunye neBOD

Ukuthetha ngeCOD kunye neBOD
Ngokwemigaqo yobungcali
COD imele iChemical Oxygen Demand. Imfuno ye-Chemical Oxygen isalathisi esibalulekileyo sokungcoliseka kwamanzi, esetyenziselwa ukubonisa ubungakanani bezinto zokunciphisa (ingakumbi izinto eziphilayo) emanzini. Umlinganiselo we-COD ubalwa ngokusebenzisa ii-oxidants ezinamandla (ezifana ne-potassium dichromate okanye i-potassium permanganate) ukunyanga iisampulu zamanzi phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kwaye ubungakanani bee-oxidants ezisetyenzisiweyo zingabonisa ngokuqikelelwa iqondo lokungcoliseka kwezinto eziphilayo kwimizila yamanzi. Okukhona ixabiso leCOD lilikhulu, kokukhona amanzi anzulu angcoliswa zizinto eziphilayo.
Iindlela zokulinganisa imfuno ye-oksijini yemichiza ikakhulu ibandakanya indlela ye-dichromate, indlela ye-potassium permanganate kunye nendlela entsha yokufunxa i-ultraviolet. Phakathi kwazo, indlela ye-potassium dichromate ineziphumo eziphezulu zokulinganisa kwaye ifanelekile kwizihlandlo ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo, ezifana nokubeka iliso kumanzi amdaka; ngelixa indlela ye-potassium permanganate ilula ukusebenza, inoqoqosho kwaye iyasebenza, kwaye ifanelekile kumanzi angaphezulu, imithombo yamanzi kunye namanzi okusela. Ukujongwa kwamanzi.
Izizathu zemfuno egqithisileyo yeekhemikhali zeoksijini zihlala zihambelana nokukhutshwa kwemizi-mveliso, ugutyulo lwasezidolophini kunye nemisebenzi yezolimo. Izinto eziphilayo kunye nokunciphisa izinto ezivela kule mithombo zingena kumzimba wamanzi, okubangela ukuba ixabiso le-COD lidlule umgangatho. Ukuze kulawulwe ngokugqithisileyo iCOD, amanyathelo asebenzayo kufuneka athatyathwe ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kule mithombo yongcoliseko nokomeleza ulawulo longcoliseko lwamanzi.
Ukushwankathela, imfuno yeoksijini yeekhemikhali sisalathiso esibalulekileyo esibonisa inqanaba lokungcoliseka kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini. Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa, sinokuqonda ungcoliseko lwemithombo yamanzi kwaye emva koko sithathe amanyathelo ahambelana nonyango.
I-BOD imele i-Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Imfuno ye-oksijini ye-biochemical (BOD5) sisalathisi esibanzi esibonisa umxholo wezinto ezifuna i-oksijini ezifana ne-organic compounds emanzini. Xa i-organic matter equlethwe emanzini idibana nomoya, iboliswa yi-aerobic microorganisms kwaye iba yi-inorganic okanye igasified. Umlinganiselo wemfuno ye-oksijini ye-biochemical ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe ekunciphiseni i-oksijini emanzini emva kokusabela kwiqondo elithile lobushushu (20 ° C) ngenani elithile leentsuku (ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku ezi-5).
Izizathu zemfuno ephezulu ye-oksijini ye-biochemical inokubandakanya amanqanaba aphezulu ezinto eziphilayo emanzini, ezichithwa yi-microorganisms kwaye zidle izixa ezikhulu ze-oxygen. Umzekelo, ushishino, ezolimo, amanzi asemanzini, njl. njl. kufuna ukuba imfuno ye-oksijini ye-biochemical ibe ngaphantsi kwe-5mg / L, ngelixa amanzi okusela kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-1mg / L.
Iindlela zokumisela imfuno ye-oxygen ye-biochemical ziquka iindlela zokuhlanjululwa kunye ne-inoculation, apho ukunciphisa i-oksijeni echithwe emva kokuba isampuli yamanzi ehlanjululweyo ifakwe kwi-incubator yokushisa rhoqo kwi-20 ° C kwiintsuku ze-5 isetyenziselwa ukubala i-BOD. Ukongeza, umlinganiselo wemfuno ye-oksijini ye-biochemical kwimfuno ye-oksijini yekhemikhali (COD) inokubonisa ukuba zingaphi izingcolisi eziphilayo ezisemanzini ekunzima ukuba ii-microorganisms zibole. Ezi zingcolisi eziphilayo ekunzima ukubola zibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Umthwalo wemfuno ye-oksijini ye-Biochemical (umthwalo we-BOD) ikwasetyenziselwa ukubonisa ubungakanani bezinto eziphilayo ezicutshungulwayo ngokweyunithi yomthamo wezixhobo zokucoca amanzi amdaka (njengezihluzo zebhayoloji, iitanki zomoya, njl. njl.). Isetyenziselwa ukumisela umthamo wamaziko okucoca amanzi amdaka kunye nokusebenza kunye nokulawulwa kwezixhobo. izinto ezibalulekileyo.
I-COD kunye ne-BOD zinento eqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, zingasetyenziswa njengesalathisi esibanzi sokubonisa umxholo wokungcola kwezinto eziphilayo emanzini. Iindlela zabo zokujonga i-oxidation yezinto eziphilayo zahluke ngokupheleleyo.
I-COD: Isitayela esinesibindi kunye esingathinteliyo, ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa i-potassium permanganate okanye i-potassium dichromate njenge-oxidant, eyongezwa ngokucolwa kobushushu obuphezulu. Inika ingqalelo kwindlela ekhawulezayo, echanekileyo kunye nengenalusini, kwaye i-oxidizes yonke into ephilayo ngexesha elifutshane ngokusebenzisa i-spectrophotometry, i-dichromate Ubungakanani be-oksijini esetyenzisiweyo ibalwa ngeendlela zokufumanisa ezifana nendlela, erekhodwa njenge-CODcr kunye neCODmn ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo. ii-oxidants. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-potassium dichromate isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ugutyulo. Ixabiso leCOD elisoloko likhankanywa lixabiso leCODcr, kunye ne-potassium permanganate yixabiso elilinganiswe ngamanzi okusela kunye namanzi angaphezulu abizwa ngokuba yi-permanganate index, ekwalixabiso le-CODmn. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi i-oxidant esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-COD, ukuphakama kwexabiso le-COD, kokukhona kubi kakhulu ungcoliseko lomzimba wamanzi.
BOD: Uhlobo oluthambileyo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile, ii-microorganisms zixhomekeke ekuboliseni i-biodegradable organic matter emanzini ukubala inani le-oksijini enyibilikileyo esetyenzisiweyo kwi-biochemical reaction. Nika ingqalelo kwinkqubo yenyathelo ngenyathelo. Umzekelo, ukuba ixesha le-biological oxidation ziintsuku ezi-5, irekhodwa njengeentsuku ezintlanu ze-biochemical reactions. Imfuno ye-oksijeni (BOD5), ngokuhambelana ne-BOD10, i-BOD30, i-BOD ibonisa ubungakanani bezinto eziphilayo ezinokuthi zenzeke emanzini. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-oxidation enobundlobongela ye-COD, kunzima kwi-microorganisms ukuba i-oxidize enye into ephilayo, ngoko ixabiso le-BOD linokuthi lithathwe njenge-sewage.
, enentsingiselo ebalulekileyo yereferensi yokulungiswa kwamanzi amdaka, ukuzihlambulula komlambo, njl.

I-COD kunye ne-BOD zombini zizalathisi zokuxinana kwezinto ezingcolisa indalo emanzini. Ngokomlinganiselo we-BOD5/COD, isalathisi se-biodegradability ye-lindle inokufumaneka:
Ifomula yile: BOD5/COD=(1-α)×(K/V)
Xa B/C＞0.58, inokubola ngokupheleleyo
B/C=0.45-0.58 i-biodegradability elungileyo
B/C=0.30-0.45 Biodegradable
0.1B/C＜0.1 Ayinakonakala
I-BOD5/COD=0.3 idla ngokumiselwa njengomda osezantsi wogutyulo olunokonakala.
I-Lianhua inokukhawuleza ukuhlalutya iziphumo ze-COD emanzini ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-20, kwaye inokubonelela ngee-reagents ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-powder reagents, i-reagents ye-liquid kunye nee-reagents ezenziwe ngaphambili. Umsebenzi ukhuselekile kwaye ulula, iziphumo zikhawuleza kwaye zichanekile, ukusetyenziswa kwe-reagent kuncinci, kwaye ungcoliseko luncinci.
I-Lianhua inokubonelela ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokubona i-BOD, njengezixhobo ezisebenzisa indlela ye-biofilm ukulinganisa ngokukhawuleza i-BOD kwimizuzu ye-8, kunye ne-BOD5, i-BOD7 kunye ne-BOD30 ezisebenzisa i-mercury-free-free differential pressure method, ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokubona.